systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the most common form of lupus and a complex autoimmune disease involving abnormal immune activity against the body's own cells and tissues. It can affect multiple organ systems, including the skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, cardiovascular system, lungs, and blood cells. Symptoms vary widely and may include fatigue, fever, joint pain, swelling, photosensitivity, mouth ulcers, hair loss, and a characteristic butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose. The exact cause is unknown, but genetic, hormonal, environmental, and immune factors contribute to disease development. SLE often follows a pattern of flares and periods of remission. Treatment may include anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, immunosuppressive therapies, and lifestyle management to control symptoms and prevent organ damage.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the most common type of lupus. It happens when the immune system attacks healthy parts of the body and may cause tiredness, joint pain, skin rashes, and problems with organs such as the kidneys or heart.

• Most common form of autoimmune lupus • Immune system mistakenly attacks healthy body tissues • Can affect many organs including skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain, and blood • Symptoms may include fatigue, fever, joint pain, rashes, and sensitivity to sunlight • Butterfly-shaped facial rash may occur in some people • Symptoms often alternate between flares and remission periods • More common in females, especially during reproductive years • Treatment aims to reduce inflammation, control immune activity, and prevent organ damage