Daltonism

Daltonism is an inherited VISION DISORDER characterized by impaired COLOR PERCEPTION caused by defects or absence of specific PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS called CONE CELLS in the RETINA. It most commonly occurs due to GENETIC MUTATIONS affecting OPSIN PROTEINS responsible for detecting different wavelengths of light. The most frequent forms involve RED-GREEN COLOR BLINDNESS, including PROTANOPIA (reduced or absent red sensitivity) and DEUTERANOPIA (reduced or absent green sensitivity). Daltonism is usually inherited through an X-LINKED RECESSIVE pattern and is more common in males. Diagnosis is commonly performed using tests such as the ISHIHARA TEST.

Daltonism is a condition where a person cannot see or distinguish certain colors normally, especially red and green.

• Daltonism is a type of color blindness. • It affects the ability to correctly identify certain colors. • The most common difficulty is distinguishing red and green colors. • It occurs due to problems with cone cells in the retina. • Cone cells are responsible for detecting colors. • It is usually caused by inherited genetic changes. • It is more common in males because many forms are X-linked. • Common types include: - Protanopia: difficulty detecting red light. - Deuteranopia: difficulty detecting green light. - Tritanopia: difficulty detecting blue-yellow differences (rarer). • Color vision testing, such as the Ishihara test, helps diagnose the condition.