diclofenac
Diclofenac capsules (Zipsor, Zorvolex) and tablets (Cataflam) are used to relieve mild to moderate pain. Diclofenac extended-release tablets (Voltaren XR), tablets (Cataflam), and delayed-release tablets (available generically) are used to relieve pain, tenderness, swelling, and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis (arthritis caused by a breakdown of the lining of the joints), and rheumatoid arthritis (arthritis caused by swelling of the lining of the joints). Diclofenac extended-release tablets and delayed-release tablets are also used to treat ankylosing spondylitis (arthritis that mainly affects the spine). Diclofenac tablets (Cataflam) are also used to treat painful menstrual periods. Diclofenac solution (Cambia) is used to treat migraine headaches in adults, but cannot be used to prevent migraines or to treat other types of headaches. Diclofenac is in a class of medications called NSAIDs. It works by stopping the body's production of a substance that causes pain, fever, and inflammation.
Full drug information on MedlinePlus →This is general information, not medical advice. Pregnancy and breastfeeding decisions should always be made with your healthcare provider.
Can taking diclofenac affect fertility or make it harder to get pregnant?
Some studies suggest that use of diclofenac or other NSAIDs could make it harder to become pregnant, and this may be more likely when NSAIDs are used frequently or over a prolonged period of time. Anyone with questions about fertility and diclofenac should discuss them with their healthcare provider.
Does taking diclofenac increase the risk of miscarriage?
Miscarriage is common and can happen in any pregnancy for many different reasons. It is not known whether diclofenac increases the chance of miscarriage; some studies have reported a higher chance with diclofenac or other NSAIDs, but the underlying reason for taking the medication may also contribute. This question is best discussed with a healthcare provider.
Does taking diclofenac increase the risk of birth defects?
About 3 in 100 babies are born with a birth defect in any pregnancy. In one study of more than 5,000 pregnancies, NSAIDs (including diclofenac) used in the first trimester were not associated with a higher chance of birth defects; another study of NSAIDs as a group reported a higher chance of heart defects, but no heart defects were reported specifically with diclofenac, and other study factors could have contributed. A healthcare provider can help interpret this information for an individual situation.
Can taking diclofenac during pregnancy cause other pregnancy-related complications?
The FDA recommends against using NSAIDs after 20 weeks of pregnancy unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider, because NSAID use in the second half of pregnancy has been associated with effects on the fetal kidneys and reduced amniotic fluid (oligohydramnios), which can lead to complications such as poor lung development, joint contractures, preterm delivery, or, in some cases, fetal death. Third-trimester use may also cause premature closure of the ductus arteriosus, which can lead to pulmonary hypertension, and some studies of NSAIDs as a class suggest possible links to preterm birth or low birth weight. Anyone needing diclofenac during pregnancy should be monitored by their healthcare provider.
Can taking diclofenac during pregnancy affect the child's brain development, learning, or behavior?
It is not known whether diclofenac use during pregnancy increases the chance of behavior or learning problems in the child, and there are no prenatal tests available that can predict effects on future behavior or learning. Any concerns should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
Is it safe to breastfeed while taking diclofenac?
Diclofenac passes into breast milk in small amounts, and information is limited, but most experts consider diclofenac acceptable during breastfeeding because milk levels are usually too low to measure. Ophthalmic drops and topical application are not expected to enter breast milk in large amounts. Decisions about breastfeeding while taking diclofenac should be made together with a healthcare provider.
Source: MotherToBaby Fact Sheet
diclofenac