Cardiac Syndrome X

Cardiac Syndrome X is a cardiovascular disorder in which a person experiences symptoms of angina (chest pain) and may have abnormal stress test results suggestive of myocardial ischemia, but coronary angiography shows no significant blockage in the major coronary arteries. The condition is thought to result from dysfunction of the small blood vessels (microvasculature) that supply the heart muscle, leading to impaired blood flow and oxygen delivery. It is more common in women, particularly after menopause. Symptoms may include chest pain during physical activity or emotional stress, shortness of breath, fatigue, and reduced exercise tolerance. Although the prognosis is generally better than that of obstructive coronary artery disease, symptoms can significantly affect quality of life. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, medications to improve blood flow and reduce symptoms, and management of cardiovascular risk factors.

Cardiac Syndrome X is a heart condition in which a person has chest pain similar to angina, but tests show that the major heart arteries are not blocked. The problem is believed to involve the tiny blood vessels of the heart, which may not supply enough blood to the heart muscle during stress or activity.

• Also known as microvascular angina or coronary microvascular dysfunction • Causes angina-like chest pain despite normal or minimally blocked major coronary arteries • Believed to result from dysfunction of the heart's small blood vessels • May cause chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, and reduced exercise tolerance • More common in women, especially after menopause • Stress tests may show signs of reduced blood flow to the heart • Major coronary arteries usually appear normal on angiography • Treatment focuses on symptom relief, improving blood flow, and controlling cardiovascular risk factors • Generally has a better prognosis than obstructive coronary artery disease but can significantly affect quality of life