anabolism

Anabolism is a set of energy-requiring METABOLIC PATHWAYS that build complex BIOMOLECULES from smaller precursor MOLECULES through BIOSYNTHESIS. These processes require energy, usually provided by ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP), and reducing power from molecules such as NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE (NADPH). Anabolic reactions are responsible for the formation of essential cellular components including PROTEINS, NUCLEIC ACIDS, LIPIDS, and CARBOHYDRATES. Anabolism works together with CATABOLISM as part of overall METABOLISM to regulate ENERGY BALANCE, CELL GROWTH, tissue repair, and biological functions. It is influenced by HORMONES such as INSULIN, GROWTH HORMONE, and TESTOSTERONE.

Anabolism is the process by which the body uses energy to build larger and more complex substances from smaller molecules, helping cells grow and repair.

• Anabolism is the building phase of metabolism. • It combines small molecules to make larger complex molecules. • It requires energy, mainly from ATP. • It helps in growth, repair, and maintenance of cells and tissues. • Examples of anabolic processes include: - Making proteins from amino acids. - Creating DNA and RNA from nucleotides. - Building fats and carbohydrates for storage and function. • It works opposite to catabolism, which breaks molecules down to release energy. • Hormones such as insulin, growth hormone, and testosterone promote anabolic processes. • A balance between anabolism and catabolism maintains normal body function.